Electrical apparatus



J. J. FRANK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15, 19m.

' fitented Sept. 9, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

Fig.2.

' Inventor-z ohnJFr-ank,

J. J. FRANK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15,I916.

1 ,8 1 5,827. Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor John J .Fr'ank H is fitt orneg.

UNIT D STATES PAEENT onrrcn.

JOHN J. FRANK, OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GENERALELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN J- FRANK, a citizenof the United States, residing at Pittsfield, county of Berkshire, Stateof Massachusetts, have invented certain new useful Improvements inElectrical Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical ap aratus, particularly to the coresthereof, ut'

it is especially applicable to transformers in cluding under that termthose devices which are closely analogous to transformers such asauto-transformers, some reactances, etc. The object of my invention isto provide for readily lifting such devices.

For-the sake of simplicity I shall confine the description of myinvention to transformers. The magnetic cores of transformersarecommonly rectangular in shape, the windings being carried about two ormore of the legs thereof and the legs being joined at their ends byyokes. The laminations of such transformers commonly comprise each aplurality of sections with abutting edges so that each lamination formsa complete magnetic circuit with butt joints.

ilc my invention is applicable to other types of constructions such asthat wherein each lamination may be regarded as formed of a plurality ofsections overla' ping each other at their ends, I shall con ne mydescription to the first mentioned type which is perhaps more common andto which t e my invention is particularly designed to applied. yinvention comprises broadly so designing and locating the laminationSections that each core leg, or at least certain legs of each core,comprises a plurality of lamination sections extending well toward thebottom of the transformer core from so near the top thereof as to beenaged with or to be directly acted upon by devices through which thetransformer is lifted and which are located at the top of thetransformer core. Preferably" this lifting means includes the upper coreclamps. Suitable bottom core clamps may be used. By this construction amechanically strong core is produced, the lifting devices may be readilyapplied, and while the lifting device may be substantially similar tothose prior to my invention, there is little or no tendency for thestresses to which the laminations are subjected when the transformer 1slifted from the very top of the core to disturb the core joints asheretofore. It is even possible in some cases to omit the boltsheretofore necessary to fasten the upper and lower core clamps together.

In the accompanyin following description described two preferredembodiments of my invention. Figure l is a perspective view of a simpleform of transformer embodying my invention; Fig. 2 illustrates thearrangement of the laminations of the transformer of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3is a perspective view illustrating a transformer core, the legs beingzofthe cruciform type.

eferring first to Fig. 1: The core is generally rectangular in shape andcomprises two vertical leg portions 5 and 6 joined at their top andottom ends by the yokes 7 and 8. Adjacent the top and bottom endsdrawings and in the have illustrated and of the legs 5 and 6 the core isprovided with recesses for receiving the square bolts 9 and 10. Theshape, dispositions and locations of these recesses appear more clearlyin Fig. 2. The top clamping bolts 9, together with the clamping beams ormembers 12, comprise the complete core clamps for the upper portion ofthe core. Likewise, the lower clamping bolts 10 and clamping beams ormember'13 comprise the lowencore clamps. Attached to the upper clampingmembers 12 and therethrough to the clamping bolts 9 are the 'rods 15provided with eyes 16 or other suitable devices whereby the transformerislifted.

Fig. 2 shows a number of laminations of the transformer of Fig. 1separated from each other but otherwise as arranged in that transformer;the other laminations are similar to those shown and their arrangementis similar to the arrangement of those illustrated. Each laminationconsists of a long le section 20 which is so long as to be provided withboth the clamping bolt receiving recesses 21 adjacent that leg andthereby embrace both the. upper and lower core clamping bolts 9 and 10adjacent thatdeg. The other leg section 22 of that lamination isshorter, as illustrated, and the lamination is completed lg! the upperand loweryoke sections 23 an 24 respectively, which butt against theside edge of the long lamination 20 and the end edges of the shortlamination 22. Gorrespondingly, these yoke sections 23 and 24 receivethe bolt receiving-recesses 21 for the second leg of the core.This'arrangement of lamination sections provides a lamination forming acomplete magnetic circuit with butt joints. In the transformerillustrated each lamination is made up of such sections similarlyarranged with respect to each other. The laminations, however, arealternately reversed as will be apparent from Fig. 1 and more clearly sofrom Fig. *2. This reversal is such that the long section 20 of onelamination lies flat against the other section 22 of the adjacentlamination. By this means the joints of the laminations are broken butin addition, and what is the important part of my invention, each leg ofthe transformer core is provided with a number of long laminationsections 20 extending completely through that leg and embracing both ofthe clamping bolts adjacent that leg. The lifting devices for thetransformer, the rods 15, are preferably attached to the upper clampin,devices for various reasons, and it will be 0 served that by theconstruction just described, whereby a plurality of le s of the core areprovided with sections w ich extend from so near the top of the core asto be within the direct range of action of the upper clamping devices tosubstantially the lower end of the core, no detrimental eirects, such asdisturbing the joints in the laminations, are experienced when thetransformer is lifted by such lifting devices. While from one aspect itis immaterial to my invention whether the lower core clamping device issimilar to the upper core clamping device, it is better from aconstruction view point and for standardization that they besubstantially alike.

In transformers as heretofore constructed, when lifting devices as therods 15 were applied to the upper core clamping members only, it hasbeen necessary substantially al.- ways, in order to secure a stron andrugged construction, to employ rods lie 26 joining the top and bottomcore clamping members. Without these rods there existed considerabledanger of pulling the lamination sections apart at least sufficiently toaffect the magnetic action of the core. In fact, it has been found thatnot even the use of these rods 26 is suflicient in all cases to insurethe disruption of the core to some extent. By em )loying my invention,however, these ro s in many cases may be omitted, but if desired theymay be retained as in the case illustrated, as additional connectionsbetween the upper and lower parts of the core.

In Fig. 3 I have illustrated an application of my invention to atransformer with the cruciform type of core legs. This cruciform typeof'core leg is often desirable since it secures a more nearly circularcross-sec tion of core leg and hence utilizes the space within thewindings to better advantage. It will be observed that only the innersection games? 30 of this core is provided with the clamping boltreceivin recesses at the top and bottom ends of the figs; thelaminations of this section are like those of Fig. 2 and similarlydisposed. The outer'sections 31 are held in place similarly by theclamping members or beams 32 which are compressed by the clamping bolts33 as before. Preferably the various laminations of these outer sections31 are likewise made up on long and short leg sections and two yokesections as illustrated in Fig. 2. Vlule this is but one modification towhich my invention as before described is subject, it illustratessomething of the extent of my invention. It will be observed that inthis core, while not all of the laminations provide leg sections whichembrace both the upper and lower clamping bolts of a single leg, eachleg comprises a plurality of lamination sections which emrace bothclamping bolts adjacent thereto.

. \VhileT have illustrated each lamination reversed with respect to theadjacent lamination, it will be understood that this arrangement issubject to considerable modification without departing from my inventionand that in general while I have described the principle of my inventionand the best mode I have contemplated for applying this principle, othermodifications will occur to those skilled in the art "and I aim in theappended claims to cover all modifications which do not involve adeparture from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is,

1. In electrical apparatus, the combination with top and bottom coreclamping bolts, of means attached to the top clamping bolts for liftingthe apparatus, and a laminated core comprising yoke and leg portionsprovided'with laterally forincd recesses ad acent the top and bottomends of predetermined legs for receiving and retaining said clampingbolts.

2. In electrical apparatus, the combination with top and bottom coreclamping bolts, of means attached to the top clamping bolts for liftingthe apparatus, and a laminated core comprising yoke and leg portionsprovided With laterally formed 'recesscs adjacent the top and bottomends of predetermined legs for receiving said clamping bolts, eachlamination being composed of a plurality of sections one of which hasits recesses embracing both the upper and lower clampin bolts adjacent asingle leg.

3. The combination with a laminated core for electrical apparatuscomprising yoke and leg portions assembled from a plurality of thelaminations each composed of a'plurality of sections, said laminationseach being arranged to provide a section extending through a leg of thecore from substantially the upper end of the core to substantially thelower end thereof, of means for lifting said core acting on said corethrough the upper ends of said leg sections.

4. In electrical apparatus, the combina tion with top core clampingbolts, means for clamping the lower portion of the core, and meansattached to the top clamping bolts for lifting the apparatus, of alaminated core comprising yoke and leg portions and provided withrecesses adjacent the top. ends of certain legs thereof for receivingsaid clamping bolts, a plurality of the laminations comprising-each aplurality of sections butt jointed together to form a com plete magneticcircuit and each providing a section embracing an upper clamping boltand extending into said lower clamping means.

5. In electrical apparatus, the combination with top core clampingbolts, means for clamping the lower portion of the core, and meansattached to the top clamping bolts for lifting the apparatus, of alaminated core comprising yoke and leg portions and provided withrecesses ad acent the top ends of certain legs thereof for receivingsaid clamping bolts, a plurality of the laminations comprising each aplurality of sections butt jointed together to form a complete magneticcircuit, some of said laminations providing each a section embracin anupper clamping bolt adjacent a leg and other of said laminationsproviding each a section embracing an upper clamping bolt adjacentanother-leg of the core, said sections extending into said lowerclamping means. 1

6. In electrical apparatus, the combination with a laminated corecomprising yoke tion with a laminate an dleg' portions and provided withbolt re- 40 celvitig recesses adjacent the upper and lower ends ofcertain legs thereof, a plw rality of the laminations thereof comprisingeach a long leg section having upper and lower bolt receiving recesses,a short leg section and two yoke sections abutting against a side of thelong leg section and the ends of the short leg section, some of saidlaminations being reversed with respect to others thereof to providelong leg sections in each of a plurality of the legs of said core, ofclamping members extending along the sides of said yokes and boltspassing through said recesses clamping said members to the core. I

7. In electrical apparatus, the combinacore comprising yoke and legportions and provided with bolt receiving recesses adjacent the up erand lower ends of certain legs thereo a plu- 'rality of the laminationsthereof comprising each a long leg section having 11 per and lower boltreceiving recesses, a s ort leg section and two yoke sections abuttingagainst a side of the long leg section and the ends of the short legsection, some of said laminations being reversed with respect to othersthereof ,to provide long leg sections in each of a plurality of the legsof said core, of clamping members extending along the sides of saidyokes and bolts passing through said recesses clamping said members tothe core, and means attached to the upper clamping members for liftingthe ap aratus.

n witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 11th day of April,1916.

' JOHN J. FRANK.

